Most Homeland Security Funding Goes Unspent

[DLR'sCock]

Most Area Terrorism Funding Not Spent
By Spencer S. Hsu and Sarah Cohen
The Washington Post

Sunday 10 April 2005

Washington last in US; $120 million still unused.
The Washington area has not spent the majority of $145 million in anti-terrorism grants awarded by the federal government over the past three years, including funds earmarked for such critical items as hospital beds and protective gear for rescue workers.

Long after the 2001 attacks on New York and Washington, homeland security spending across the country remains bogged down by administrative problems, back orders for equipment and long timelines to implement new technology, such as communications systems.

A significant failing "of the current system . . . is the lack of consistency in the way monies are spent," says Rep. Christopher Cox (R-Calif.).

Although the Washington area is designated as high-risk, it has not spent $120 million of the federal aid it received between 2002 and 2004, according to the Department of Homeland Security. Local authorities said that spending fell behind in 2003 and that more time was needed to coordinate plans with Maryland, Virginia and 16 suburban jurisdictions.

The area, which has a spending rate of 17 percent, ranks last compared with the 50 states, according to data released to Congress and obtained by The Washington Post and CBS's "60 Minutes," which is scheduled to air a report tonight on waste in homeland security grants. The national spending average is 44 percent.

Local authorities said the ranking is misleading because it does not reflect that they have committed 80 percent of their funds, or $115 million, to projects underway for the District and its suburbs in Maryland and Northern Virginia. The inclusion of obligated funds, they said, is a fairer measure than counting dollars spent only after the work is completed.

Still, Washington will miss a June 30 deadline for spending $46 million that has been available for two years, the D.C. government said. Officials have asked for a half-year extension from the Department of Homeland Security to avoid losing the money.

The area's record in using federal dollars illustrates a major flaw in a homeland security grant funding system that doles out cash first and requires plans later, said Rep. Christopher Cox (R-Calif.), chairman of the House Homeland Security Committee. Cox is proposing legislation that would award more money to certain jurisdictions based on threat assessments and require states and regions to coordinate plans before applying for aid.

"The growing pains that we have experienced in the national capital region teach us valuable lessons for the rest of the country," Cox said. "One of the significant failings of the current system . . . is the lack of consistency in the way monies are spent. Across the country, there are notorious examples -- and too many of them -- of what can only be called government waste."

U.S. funding for first responders -- rescue workers -- flows mainly through a State Homeland Security Grant program, awarded mainly based on population and, increasingly, through an Urban Area Security Initiative aimed at 50 metropolitan centers designated as high-risk.

Under federal rules, the District receives the bulk of its funding through the program for high-risk centers. Responsibility for the money is shared across the region by advisers to the mayor and governors of Maryland and Virginia and the Department of Homeland Security.

Some of the region's unspent funds are earmarked for creating hospital-surge capacity for mass casualty events and equipping emergency workers with more breathing gear and protective clothing for attacks involving weapons of mass destruction. An additional $90 million in aid for this year became available Friday.

The region has made some progress. Local governments spent $25 million for baseline needs of police, fire and medical workers, including: obtaining 1,000 radios; starting a public emergency alert system; developing a disease surveillance network; and teaching preparedness to schoolchildren through a Masters of Disaster program.

Matt Mayer, acting executive director of the U.S. Homeland Security Department's preparedness office, said Washington faced a unique burden in having to bridge the federal, state and local governments.

"Frankly, I would expect the national capital region to be at a slower pace than other places," said Mayer, who declined to characterize the region's performance. "It is a learning process for all of us. . . . The key is for us to be working together."

So much federal money has flowed to the region in a short period of time that officials have veered between spending the money quickly and spending it carefully. After the terrorist strikes on the World Trade Center and Pentagon, the region received an initial $324 million in security funds with few guidelines or restrictions. In spending those funds, officials said speed was more important than coordination.

A Washington Post review of the spending found cases of duplication, waste and diversion of federal aid to pay for such items as leather jackets for police, a summer jobs program for D.C. teenagers, lucrative consulting contracts for political figures and redundant purchases of emergency command centers and vehicles across the region. Nearly 60 percent of the money, however, was spent within 22 months.

Edward D. Reiskin, deputy Washington mayor for public safety and justice, said that when a second wave of funds arrived in 2003, regional leaders knew they needed to slow the pace and improve coordination, but they lost focus. "We didn't organize quickly as a region to manage and plan for these expenditures as we might have," he said.

He said officials now move faster, spending in consultation with chief administrators from every jurisdiction and emergency operations chiefs. "It may be a little cumbersome, but it's what we want to do to make sure we hear from all voices," Reiskin said.

Nationwide, U.S. aid to first-responders -- which the Bush administration estimates at $13 billion -- has been beset with bureaucratic problems since increasing 30-fold in the year after the Sept. 11, 2001, attacks. Funds became stalled for months in federal and state administrative pipelines. Analysts warned that sparsely populated states received more per-capita aid than states with many targets such as New York. Cash-poor jurisdictions complained that they lacked the budgets to tackle big projects on a reimbursement basis, as required. Planning and accountability at all levels lagged.

In response to a series of critical reports by Congress and its own inspector general, the Homeland Security Department streamlined grant procedures last year; imposed deadlines for spending; approved checklists for equipment purchases; and increased state reporting requirements. The department just released a report setting interim national preparedness goals.

Dennis R. Schrader, homeland security adviser to Maryland Gov. Robert L. Ehrlich Jr. (R), said that though planning took "longer than what we would have liked," the region's many partners have learned to work together. "That, to me, is the first step. Those relationships are what is going to allow us to be effective."

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[Nickdfresh]

Handouts For The Homeland

April 10, 2005

Homeland Funds Misspent

Is too much of the $10 billion allocated for homeland security being spent to restock police and fire departments? (Photo: CBS/AP)



"We find that the monies are being doled out not necessarily according to national security risk, but rather, according to political formulas."
Rep. Chris Cox

Rep. Chris Cox tells Steve Kroft...

http://wwwimage.cbsnews.com/images/2005/04/01/image684714x.jpg
Newark, N.J., used $250,000 for air-conditioned garbage trucks. (Photo: CBS)


(CBS) Since Sept. 11, Congress has appropriated nearly $10 billion for homeland security to protect Americans from terrorism. The money is being doled out over a four-year period, with much of it going to local police and emergency services charged with preventing and responding to terrorist attacks.

Now, congressional critics, armed with independent studies, are alleging the money is being squandered, and that programs are riddled with handouts that have little to do with making the country safer, and everything to do with restocking police and fire departments with all sorts of equipment that has nothing to do with terrorism.

As Correspondent Steve Kroft reports, it's touched off a fierce debate over how and where the billions are being spent. Tiptonville, Tenn., probably isn’t on any terrorist map of potential targets. It’s not even on the rental car map, and neither is the road you take to get there.

Approximately 7,900 people live in the county, spread over 164 square miles, bordered by cotton fields and the Mississippi River. The nearest city, Memphis, is a two-hour drive.

Yet Tiptonville and Lake County are getting $183,000 in homeland security money from the federal government. And Mayor Macie Roberson believes it's money well spent.

Why would al Qaeda come to Tiptonville? "If I were al Qaeda, and I wanted to get Memphis, and I wanted to get some cities, even St. Louis is 100 miles, just about 250. But if I wanted to get those cities, I'd come to Tiptonville. No one would ever expect me here.

By Washington standards, $183,000 isn’t a lot, but it's more federal money than Roberson has ever seen before. The Department of Homeland Security sent him a 13-page shopping list of approved items he could buy, so he went out and got a Gator, which is an all-terrain vehicle. He also bought a couple of defibrillators, one of which is being used at high school basketball games, and purchased protective suits for the volunteer fire department, in the unlikely event terror comes to Tiptonville.

The last murder occurred three years ago. The fire alarm hasn't gone off in three months. And the nearest nuclear power plant is a couple hundred miles away.

Tiptonville seems like one of the safest places in the country, so why do they need all this money? "If it's available, we're gonna apply for it," says Roberson.

And Tiptonville is the tip of the iceberg.

"There is a good deal of waste on homeland security expenditures that follows from the fact that we were in a big hurry after 9/11," says Rep. Chris Cox (R-Calif.), chairman of the House Homeland Security Committee

(CBS) Cox says the bulk of the anti-terrorism money should have gone to protecting high risk targets, instead of being doled out to every local community in the country, whether they need it or not. "In some cases, the money just arrives," he says. "It's as if you've won the Publisher's Clearing House sweepstakes."

Converse, Texas, first used its new homeland security trailer to transport riding lawn mowers to the annual lawnmower races.

Newark, N.J., spent a quarter of a million dollars on air-conditioned garbage trucks. In Columbus, Ohio, the fire department is buying bulletproof dog vests for its canine corps. And Mason County, Wash., famous mostly for its Christmas trees, spent $63,000 for a decontamination unit that no one’s been trained to use. It’s been sitting in boxes in a warehouse for a year.

Hazardous material suits are especially popular. Missouri spent $7.2 million for 13,000 of them, one for every law enforcement officer in the “Show Me State.”

"In Des Moines, your taxpayer dollars went to purchase, among other things, to be prepared for a terrorist attack, traffic cones," says Cox.

What does that have to do with homeland security? "Well, you know, that's one of the beauties of homeland security," says Cox. "In the end, everything has something to do with homeland security."

Like the four Segways purchased by the sheriff’s office in Santa Clara County, Calif., which could be used to transport its bomb squad in the event of a terrorist attack against facilities in Silicon Valley. Sheriff Laurie Smith and Capt. Edward Perry say the protective suits are heavy -- 85 pounds each -- and hot. The ordinance experts are only allowed to stay in them for 30 minutes at a time. They say the Segways will allow them to get to the explosives quicker and stay there longer.

"The people who view these as not necessary, I think, are wrong," says Smith.

How will it help them deal with the threat of terrorism? "Well, it's another tool in our toolbox to help us prepare for dealing with explosive devices. And terrorists use explosives," says Smith.

"Santa Clara County may well be a site that al Qaeda has in mind," says Cox. "But if it is, I hope that we have more sophisticated equipment than Segways with which to respond."

An hour north of Santa Clara County is the city of Oakland, and one of the largest ports in the country, which makes it a legitimate terrorist target. Although primary security is provided by the U.S. Coast Guard, Alameda County Sheriff Charlie Plummer used homeland security money to buy underwater cameras that were used in the search for Lacy Peterson; a boat with diving equipment; and the first-ever, lead-lined, weapons-of-mass destruction container.

"If you come up with biological or radiological material, you put it in there, and cart it away?" asks Kroft.

"Yeah, it's really state of the art, and we were the first to get it," says Plummer. "I don't think anyone has one."

Plummer says they haven't used the container, which costs $400,000, yet and it's the only one in the United States like it.

The 9/11 Commission recommended that homeland security money be allocated to protect the most vulnerable strategic targets from attacks that would cause the most casualties or economic damage.

But Congress, led by a group of powerful senators from smaller states, had a different plan. It decided to ignore the recommendations and distribute the money much the same as it hands out federal highway funds with everyone getting a share.

"It's pork barrel. It's the kind of distribution of funds that Washington always makes when politics comes before substance," says Cox. "We find that the monies are being doled out not necessarily according to national security risk, but rather, according to political formulas."

"Everyone wants a piece of this pie. And after Sept. 11, it's one of the biggest pies around," says Tom Schatz, who runs a group called Citizens Against Government Waste. He estimates that pork barrel spending on homeland security this year will reach $1.7 billion. "Members of Congress have figured out how to get their hands on homeland security pork," says Schatz.

Why else, he asks, would the state of Oklahoma, which is a land-locked state, get federal funds designated for port security?

"They have a river somewhere. And that is included under this maritime security provision that was passed by Congress," says Schatz.

Sen. Ted Stevens of Alaska, the former chairman of the Senate Appropriations Committee, and one of Congress’ most powerful members, argues that you never know where terrorists are going to strike, and that small states deserve protection as much as larger ones.

"I don’t think you can say, 'Where’s the population? Look at where the problem is if terrorist want to strike and harm our economy,'" says Stevens.

"We just got back from Tiptonville, Tenn.,'" says Kroft. "I mean, it just really stretched the imagination to think [that terrorists are] under any circumstances ever gonna go to Tiptonville?"

"You don't know," says Stevens. "Now, where are the terrorists gonna strike? Just New York, and Washington, and you know, San Francisco? It's a nation and the threats are against assets that have a considerable impact on our national economy."

"Are you saying there's no pork here," asks Kroft.

"No," says Stevens.

"There is some pork," says Kroft.

"You know, when you get into spending the kind of money we're spending in homeland security, there's got to be some things that wound up by just being there because someone wanted it there, rather than someone needed it there," says Stevens.

But Stevens says there is no pork in the $30 million Alaska is getting in homeland security funds. He says it’s all needed to protect the oil pipeline, key military installations and in places like the North Pole. And Alaska, which is strategically located near the middle of the Richardson Highway, is in the middle of nowhere.

Of the $557,000 for rescue and communication equipment that they have received, Steven says: "Every state has to locate equipment. That's not for us. That's for people that will be using that highway in the event of disaster. And I think it's legitimate."

"We don't live in a world of limitless resources, and we have to pick. We have to choose," says Cox. "And we want to put those monies where they're most needed, where we can protect the most life."

So much homeland security money has been appropriated that some places are having trouble figuring hour how to spend it. Washington, D.C., which everyone agrees is a primary terrorist target, has received $145 million in homeland security money, according to the House Homeland Security Committee, but has spent less than 10 percent of it.

"Anybody could just spend money. We want to spend it wisely," says Washington Mayor Anthony Williams. He says a lot of the money has gone into a new emergency operations center, equipped with the latest computers, wide-screen TVs and 150 cameras that monitor different locations throughout the city.

But some other purchases are questionable, like leather jackets for the metropolitan police force. "A uniform and equipment as part of response and preparedness, I think, is certainly justifiable," says Williams.

What does it have to do with homeland security? "Well, I think protective equipment clearly ought to be part of funding for a homeland security strategy," says Williams.

"Another item: $100,000 to send sanitation workers to a Dale Carnegie course that has nothing to do with emergency preparedness," says Kroft. "What was that about?"

"I'd have to look into that," says Williams. "But by and large, I think the money we're spending is part of a plan."

Another example includes $300,000 for a computerized car towing service, which Williams says is "absolutely a part of homeland security."

"You know how? Now you are sitting you just came in here, looking at how a computerized towing service has anything to do with homeland security," says Williams. "Part of an orderly evacuation and mobility for people is clearing the roadways."

But if there is a terrorist attack, is it important to tow cars? "Absolutely," says Williams.

Plus, $100,000 went to the summer jobs program, some of which went to developing a rap song on emergency preparedness. "A big, big part of marketing and outreach to kids is through, you know, and I'm not an expert on rap, you can see that, but is using the rap idiom," says Williams.

"Do you know the rap lyrics?" asks Kroft.

"You got me on the spot. No, I don't know the raps lyrics, but I heard of that example," says Williams. "So here I am on national TV defending rap and homeland security. I don't, you know."

Mayor Williams not only has $130 million left to spend, he's about to get $96 million more.

In Tiptonville, Tenn., Police Chief Norman Rhodes is looking forward to the next windfall. "Well, if it's out there, we're gonna try to harvest it. I'll tell you that," says Rhodes. "The federal government's putting it out and we're gonna apply for it, and get it, and try to get the equipment it takes to protect our citizens. This is our home."

Congress is about to begin deliberations on whether or not to change the way homeland security funds are being used and distributed.

Since this interview, 60 Minutes has heard from the mayor's office in Washington, D.C., about the money spent on the Dale Carnegie course for sanitation workers. The purpose, they told us, was to help the sanitation workers develop the necessary skills to deal with panicky customers in the aftermath of a disaster.

www.cbsnews.com/stories/2005/03/31/60minutes/main684349_page5.shtml

[Guitar Shark]

I wish they'd devote some of that "extra" money to border patrol efforts.